By Michael M. Goodwin
Adaptive sign types: idea, Algorithms and Audio Applications provides tools for deriving mathematical versions of ordinary signs. The advent covers the basics of analysis-synthesis platforms and sign representations. a few of the themes within the advent comprise ideal and near-perfect reconstruction, the excellence among parametric and nonparametric tools, the position of compaction in sign modeling, uncomplicated and overcomplete sign expansions, and time-frequency solution concerns. those subject matters come up through the ebook as do a few different themes resembling filter out banks and multiresolution.
the second one bankruptcy provides a close improvement of the sinusoidal version as a parametric extension of the short-time Fourier rework. This results in multiresolution sinusoidal modeling options in bankruptcy 3, the place wavelet-like methods are merged with the sinusoidal version to yield superior types. In bankruptcy 4, the analysis-synthesis residual is taken into account; for reasonable synthesis, the residual has to be individually modeled after coherent elements (such as sinusoids) are got rid of. The residual modeling procedure is predicated on psychoacoustically stimulated nonuniform clear out banks. bankruptcy 5 bargains with pitch-synchronous types of either the wavelet and the Fourier rework; those let for compact types of pseudo-periodic indications. bankruptcy Six discusses fresh algorithms for deriving sign representations in response to time-frequency atoms; basically, the matching pursuit set of rules is reviewed and prolonged.
The sign types mentioned within the ebook are compact, adaptive, parametric, time-frequency representations which are worthwhile for research, coding, amendment, and synthesis of typical indications such as audio. The types are all interpreted as tools for decomposing a sign by way of primary time-frequency atoms; those interpretations, in addition to the adaptive and parametric natures of the versions, serve to hyperlink some of the tools handled within the textual content.
Adaptive sign types: conception, Algorithms and Audio Applications serves as an exceptional reference for researchers of sign processing and will be used as a textual content for complicated classes on the subject
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Extra info for Adaptive signal models.Theory,algorithms,and audio applications
Sample text
6 . 6: Geometric interpretation of signal expansions for orthogonal and biorthogonal bases and an overcomplete dictionary or frame. Figure the basis vectors. 1. For the overcomplete frame, an in nite number of representations are possible since the vectors in the frame are linearly dependent. One way to compute such an overcomplete expansion is to project the signal onto a dual frame; such methods, however, are related to the SVD and do not yield compact models 70 . 2, there are a variety of other methods for deriving overcomplete expansions.
The rst class of methods involves structuring the dictionary so that it contains many bases; for a given signal, the best basis is chosen from the dictionary. The second class of methods are more general in that they apply to arbitrary dictionaries with no particular structure; here, the algorithms are especially designed to derive compact expansions. These are discussed brie y below, after an introduction to general overcomplete sets; all of these issues surrounding overcomplete expansions are discussed at length in Chapter 6.
6 shows a simple comparison of basis and overcomplete expansions in a twodimensional vector space. The diagrams illustrate synthesis of the same signal using the vectors in an orthogonal basis, a biorthogonal basis, and an overcomplete dictionary, respectively; issues related to analysis-synthesis and modi cation are discussed below. 6, the signal is reconstructed exactly as the sum of two expansion vectors. 4 , p12 p1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 , p12 p1 2 0 0 0 0 , 12 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 , p12 p1 2 0 0 0 , 12 , 12 0 0 0 , p12 p12 0 0 0 0 , 21 , 12 1 2 1 2 0 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 , p12 p1 2 0 0 0 , 12 , 12 0 0 0 0 0 , p12 p1 2 0 0 0 1 2 , 21 , 21 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 3T 77 77 77 77 77 77 77 7 , p12 777 0 777 0 777 0 77 7 0 77 , 12 777 0 77 7 0 77 0 777 0 75 : The dictionary matrix for an overcomplete Haar set.