By Nancy E. Walker
The authors of this quantity supply dialogue on very important concerns regarding the rights of kids within the usa, together with: the ancient and contextual standpoint at the rights of kids; the United international locations conference at the Rights of the kid; the differing perspectives on kid's rights and abilities; and the rights of youngsters in the relations, the social carrier method, the overall healthiness care method, the academic procedure, the juvenile justice procedure and in employment.
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Extra info for Children’s Rights in the United States: In Search of a National Policy
Example text
N. Convention on the Rights of the Child. The list of supporters is long and varied and includes the American Red Cross, the American Public Health Association, the Child Welfare League of America, the American Bar Association, the Children's Defense Fund, the National Education Association, United Way International, the YMCA, the YWCA, Girl Scouts of the United States of America, and the National Governors Association, as well as some religious groups. N. Convention, including the Christian Coalition, the John Birch Society, the National Center for Home Education, the Eagle Forum, and Concerned Women of America (United States Committee for UNICEF, 1997).
The advocacy literature reflects two orientations toward the extension of children's rights. The first, labeled the "nurturance orientation," stresses the provision by society of supposedly beneficial objects, environments, services, and experiences for the child. The second, labeled the "self-determination orientation," stresses those potential rights that would allow children to exercise influence over their environments, to make decisions about what they want, and to have autonomous control over various facets of their lives.
But even within one society—especially one as diverse as the United States—conceptions of appropriate rights differ. The purposes of this chapter, therefore, are to examine ideologically differing conceptions and to describe a procedure for measuring these different perspectives. In addition, this chapter discusses empirical research findings regarding children's developing competencies. The US. Supreme Court's Attitude Toward Children's Rights Melton (1989) offered four empirically grounded reasons why adults should recognize the liberty and privacy interests of youth: (a) Increased control of one's fate is related to psychological well-being, (b) freedom of choice increases motivation and performance, (c) experiences of decision making enhance legal socialization, and (d) respect for privacy may solidify a sense of identity.